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Navy for more than 30 years and continues to work with the Office of Naval Research. Commission on Ocean Policy, and a Research Scholar at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. He is an Explorer-At-Large at the National Geographic Society, Commissioner for the U.S. Ballard is Founder and President of the Ocean Exploration Trust Director of the Center for Ocean Exploration and Professor of Oceanography at the University of Rhode Island Graduate School of Oceanography. He is a Boston Sea Rover and a member of The Explorers Club his home and laboratory are on the south coast of Massachusetts. His most recent book, The Shark Handbook, is a must buy for all shark enthusiasts. He has written dozens of scientific research papers and has appeared in a number of film and television documentaries, including programs for National Geographic, Discovery Channel, BBC, and numerous television networks. Greg has been an avid SCUBA diver and underwater photographer since 1978.
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Much of his current research centers on the use of acoustic telemetry and satellite-based tagging technology to study the ecology and behavior of sharks. His shark research has spanned the globe from the frigid waters of the Arctic Circle to coral reefs in the tropical Central Pacific. For more than 30 years, Greg has been actively involved in the study of life history, ecology, and physiology of sharks. He holds a master’s degree from the University of Rhode Island and a Ph.D. He is also adjunct faculty at the University of Massachusetts School for Marine Science and Technology and an adjunct scientist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI). He has been a fisheries scientist with the Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries since 1987 and currently heads up the Massachusetts Shark Research Program. Gregory Skomal is an accomplished marine biologist, underwater explorer, photographer, and author. This research was funded by the National Science Foundation, the WHOI Ocean Life Institute, and the Australian Research Council.ĭr. The new tracking methods may be adapted to help preserve other species under pressure, Thorrold said. They found that about two-thirds of the community’s clownfish were not born nearby-but perhaps immigrated from other clownfish habitats more than 10 kilometers (6 miles) away. The researchers also used DNA-fingerprinting techniques to determine if new settlers to a community were spawned by adults within it. Reporting in the July 26 issue of Current Biology, the team used these telltale tetracycline-stained otoliths to track clownfish larvae to new anemones within 100 meters (330 feet) of their birthplaces. By exposing developing embryos to tetracycline in specially designed incubation chambers, the team was able to indelibly mark the otoliths of tiny clownfish before they hatched and dispersed. Tetracycline is known to darken human babies’ teeth when taken by mothers at certain stages of pregnancy, and similarly, it darkens the otoliths, or ear bones, of fish.
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WHOI biologist Simon Thorrold and colleagues Geoffrey Jones of James Cook University in Australia and Serge Planes of the Université de Perpignan in France are working in Kimbe Bay, Papua New Guinea, where anemone-filled coral reefs provide homes for clownfish-like the hero of the movie “Finding Nemo.” Like Nemo, many clownfish are harvested to stock aquariums, and their numbers are being depleted on reefs throughout the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Such information is essential for identifying critical marine habitats that should be set aside to protect the estimated 70 to 80 percent of fish populations whose stocks have been overfished or whose habitats have been disrupted by humans. Now an international research team has demonstrated a new technique-using the common antibiotic tetracycline and DNA fingerprinting-to track fish and determine how fish populations migrate and connect to one another. Tagging fish larvae smaller than a millimeter has been impossible. But tagging and tracking fish through vast oceans is a Herculean task. Scientists have long been able to tag animals on land and follow their movements and habits.